Carlos Sainz ended Red Bull's streak of nine consecutive victories with an impressive drive ahead of team-mate Charles Leclerc in second and Lando Norris in third.
Max Verstappen was an early casualty from the race with a brake issue that forced him into the pit-lane on lap three.
Not long after, seven-time champion Lewis Hamilton pulled into an escape road after an apparent engine failure for his Mercedes W15.
It left Sainz in the lead of the race, and he commanded it in style – pulling a comfortable gap and coasting to the finish in what was his first race since appendicitis surgery.
On the last lap George Russell suffered a significant crash in pursuit of Fernando Alonso at turn six, tipping his car onto its side.
Red Bull’s Sergio Perez was unable to fill the void left by his team-mate's retirement, finishing a lonely fifth.
Yuki Tsunoda helped Visa Cash App RB score their first points of the year with a fine drive to eighth, while Haas picked up a crucial three-point haul.
Australian Grand Prix 2024 results
The final classification from Melbourne was as follows: